Nitenpyram (cas 150824-47-8)
Compound Information: Nitenpyram
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Name | Nitenpyram |
| CAS Number | 150824-47-8 |
| Synonyms | Capstar, Bestguard, (E)-N-(6-Chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-N-ethyl-N’-methyl-2-nitroethene-1,1-diamine |
| EINECS Number | 200-001-8 |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₁H₁₅ClN₄O₂ |
| Molecular Weight | 270.72 g/mol |
| Physical Properties | |
| – Melting Point | 83–84°C |
| – Boiling Point | 417.2 ± 45.0°C (predicted) |
| – Density | 1.254 ± 0.06 g/cm³ (predicted) |
| – Solubility | Slightly soluble in DMSO (250 mg/mL, requires ultrasonic treatment) |
| – Form | Light yellow to yellow powder |
| – Stability | Light-sensitive; store in inert atmosphere at 0–6°C |
| Chemical Properties | |
| – pKa | 2.46 ± 0.70 (predicted) |
| Uses | |
| – Primary Use | Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; insecticide for sucking pests |
| – Targets | Aphids, thrips, leafhoppers, whiteflies, and psyllids |
| – Crop Applications | Rice, vegetables, fruits, and tea |
| – Veterinary Use | Flea control in cats and dogs |
| Mechanism of Action | Interferes with insect nerve transmission by blocking nicotinic receptors |
| Safety & Toxicity | |
| – Acute Toxicity | – Rat LD₅₀ (oral): 1,680 mg/kg (male), 1,575 mg/kg (female) |
| – Rat LD₅₀ (dermal): >2,000 mg/kg | |
| – Ecotoxicity | – LC₅₀ (carp, 96 h): >1,000 mg/L |
| – Harmful to bees, fish, and aquatic organisms | |
| Regulatory Notes | |
| – Precautions | – Avoid contact with alkaline substances |
| – Do not apply during flowering (7–14 days pre-harvest) | |
| – Resistance | Rotate with non-neonicotinoid insecticides to delay resistance |
| Supplier Information | |
| – Key Suppliers | Sumitomo Chemical, Bayer CropScience, Sigma-Aldrich |
| – Pricing | ~$50–200/g (varies by purity and volume) |
Key Notes:
- Chemical Structure:
- A chlorinated pyridine derivative with a nitrovinyl group, designed for systemic insecticidal activity.
- Exhibits strong translaminar movement in plants for broad-spectrum protection.
- Application Guidelines:
- Dosage: 10–75 g/ha for foliar applications; 300–400 g/ha for soil treatment.
- Formulations: Water-dispersible granules, soluble concentrates, and granules.
- Environmental Fate:
- Rapidly degrades in water under aerobic conditions (DT₅₀: 696 hours at pH 9).
- Low persistence in soil due to microbial degradation.
- Research Insights:
- Resistance Management: Linked to cytochrome P450 upregulation in target pests.
- Metabolites: Major metabolite N-desmethyl-nitenpyram retains partial insecticidal activity.
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