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Lysophosphatidic Acid (LPA, CAS 18891-11-7)
Lysophosphatidic Acid (LPA, CAS 18891-11-7) is a simplest glycerophospholipid acting as a critical extracellular signaling molecule. Derived from phospholipase-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine, LPA regulates cell proliferation, migration, and inflammation via G-protein-coupled receptors (LPARs). Clinically, it shows promise in wound healing, dermatology, and cardiovascular disease therapy.溶血磷脂酸（LPA，CAS 18891-11-7）是结构最简单的甘油磷脂，作为关键细胞外信号分子，通过G蛋白偶联受体（LPARs）调控细胞增殖、迁移及炎症反应。临床研究显示其在创面修复、皮肤护理及心血管疾病治疗中潜力显著。 1. Basic Information 2. Key Physicochemical Properties Parameter Details Solubility Highly water-soluble; forms micelles in aqueous solutions. Surface Activity Amphiphilic structure enables emulsification and membrane interaction. Stability Stable under physiological pH (6–8); susceptible to oxidation. 参数 详情 溶解性 高度水溶性，水溶液中可形成胶束。 表面活性 两亲性结构赋予其乳化及膜相互作用能力。 稳定性 生理pH（6–8）下稳定；易被氧化破坏。 3. Mechanisms of Action 4. Applications 5. Production & Engineering 6. Safety & Challenges 7. Research Frontiers 8. Regulatory Status Summary LPA’s dual role as a signaling lipid and functional emulsifier positions it as a multifunctional biomolecule. While its therapeutic potential in dermatology and vascular health is well-documented, challenges in stability and cost require innovative solutions. Emerging LPAR-targeted therapies and nanotechnology applications may unlock new frontiers in precision medicine. 溶血磷脂酸（LPA）兼具信号脂质与功能乳化剂特性，是多效生物分子。尽管其在皮肤科及血管健康领域的疗效明确，稳定性与成本问题仍需突破。靶向LPAR的新型疗法及纳米技术应用或将为精准医疗开辟新方向。
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF, CAS 202138-50-9)
Meta Descriptions Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF, CAS 202138-50-9) is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) used for the treatment of HIV-1/2 infections and chronic hepatitis B. As a prodrug, it is hydrolyzed to tenofovir, which inhibits viral DNA polymerase by competing with natural deoxyribonucleotides, thereby terminating viral replication. Approved by the WHO as an essential medicine, TDF is widely prescribed in combination therapies such as Truvada® (TDF + emtricitabine) for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). 替诺福韦二吡呋酯（TDF，CAS 202138-50-9）是一种核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NRTI），用于治疗HIV-1/2感染和慢性乙型肝炎。作为前药，其在体内水解为替诺福韦，通过竞争性抑制病毒DNA聚合酶阻断病毒复制。该药物被世界卫生组织列为基本药物，常与恩曲他滨联用（如Truvada®）用于HIV暴露前预防（PrEP）。 1. Basic Information 2. Pharmacological Mechanism 3. Clinical Applications 4. Dosage and Administration 5. Adverse Effects and Precautions 6. Research and Developments 7. Market and Regulatory Status
Hyaluronic Acid (HA, CAS 9004-61-9)
Hyaluronic Acid (HA, CAS 9004-61-9) is a natural glycosaminoglycan widely used in dermatology, ophthalmology, and joint health. Known for its exceptional water-binding capacity, it enhances skin hydration, supports tissue repair, and serves as a key component in cosmetic and medical applications. Recent advancements highlight its role in anti-aging therapies and regenerative medicine.透明质酸（HA，CAS 9004-61-9）是一种天然糖胺聚糖，广泛用于皮肤科、眼科及关节健康领域。以其卓越的保水能力著称，可增强皮肤保湿、促进组织修复，并作为化妆品和医疗应用的核心成分。最新研究凸显其在抗衰老疗法和再生医学中的潜力。 Combined Keywords Hyaluronic Acid, 透明质酸, CAS 9004-61-9, glycosaminoglycan, 保湿, 抗衰老, 关节润滑, 玻尿酸, 医美填充, 组织修复, 智能材料, 皮肤科, 眼科护理, 润滑液, 代谢工程 Article Body 1. Basic Information 透明质酸（HA） 2. Key Physicochemical Properties Parameter Details Water Binding Binds 1,000× its weight in water, maintaining tissue hydration. Molecular Weight Ranges from 5 kDa to 3,000 kDa; affects application (e.g., low vs. high MW). pH Stability Stable in pH 3–10, suitable for diverse formulations. 参数 详情 水分子络合能力 结合自身重量1000倍的水分，维持组织水润度。 分子量 范围5 kDa–3,000 kDa；影响应用（如低分子量渗透真皮，高分子量支撑塑形）。 pH耐受性 在pH 3–10范围内稳定，适配多种配方。 3. Mechanisms of Action 4. Applications 5. Production & Engineering 6. Safety & Challenges
Ectoine (CAS 96702-03-3)
Ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid, CAS 96702-03-3) is a natural extremolyte produced by halophilic bacteria, renowned for its protective properties against extreme environmental stressors. It stabilizes biomolecules via water molecule complexation and is widely used in dermatology, ophthalmology, and biotechnology. Recent advancements highlight its therapeutic potential in anti-aging, wound repair, and postbiotic applications.依克多因（1,4,5,6-四氢甲基嘧啶羧酸，CAS 96702-03-3）是由嗜盐菌产生的天然相容性溶质，以通过水分子络合保护生物分子而闻名，可抵御极端环境胁迫。其广泛应用于皮肤科、眼科及生物技术领域，最新研究凸显其在抗衰老、创伤修复及后生元领域的潜力 1. Basic Information 2. Key Physicochemical Properties Parameter Details Water Binding Forms a protective hydration shell around proteins and membranes. Thermal Stability Remains stable up to 120°C, enabling broad industrial applications. pH Tolerance Functions effectively in pH 3–10, suitable for diverse formulations. 参数 详情 水分子络合能力 在蛋白质和膜周围形成保护性水合层，抵御光、热、干燥等胁迫。 热稳定性 耐高温达120°C，适用于多种工业场景。 pH耐受性 在pH 3–10范围内稳定，适配多种配方。 3. Mechanisms of Action 4. Applications 5. Production & Engineering 6. Safety & Challenges 7. Research Frontiers
Polycaprolactone (PCL, CAS 24980-41-4)
Polycaprolactone (PCL, CAS 24980-41-4) is a biodegradable polymer widely used in biomedical applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, and aesthetic medicine. This article explores its synthesis, mechanisms, and emerging innovations.聚己内酯（PCL，CAS 24980-41-4）是一种可生物降解聚合物，广泛应用于药物缓释、组织工程及医美领域。本文详述其合成工艺、作用机制及最新技术进展。 1. Basic Information 2. Key Physicochemical Properties Parameter Details Biodegradability Degrades via hydrolysis of ester bonds into CO₂ and water in 6–12 months. Mechanical Strength High tensile strength but low rigidity; improves when blended with PLA or starch. Thermal Stability Low melting point enables easy processing via 3D printing or thermal molding. 参数 详情 生物降解性 通过酯键水解降解为CO₂和水，降解周期6–12个月。 机械强度 高拉伸强度但刚性低；与PLA或淀粉共混时可提升刚性。 热稳定性 低熔点便于通过3D打印或热模塑加工。 3. Pharmacological Mechanisms 4. Clinical Applications 5. Synthesis and Production 6. Safety and Precautions 7. Research Advances 8. Market and Applications
Alpha-Lipoic Acid (α-Lipoic Acid) （cas 62-46-4）
Alpha-Lipoic Acid (α-Lipoic Acid) is a water- and fat-soluble antioxidant used to treat diabetic neuropathy, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging-related conditions. This article details its mechanisms, clinical applications, synthesis, and market trends.α-硫辛酸（Alpha-Lipoic Acid）是一种兼具水溶性与脂溶性的强效抗氧化剂，广泛用于糖尿病神经病变、抗衰老及美容领域。本文详述其药理机制、临床应用、合成工艺及市场动态。 1. Basic Information 2. Pharmacological Mechanisms 3. Clinical Applications Indication Application Scenario Efficacy Evidence Diabetic neuropathy Alleviates sensory abnormalities and pain Clinical guidelines recommend; >60% symptom relief Liver injury (hepatitis/cirrhosis) Reduces transaminases, promotes regeneration Enhanced efficacy when combined with hepatoprotectants Neurodegenerative diseases Alzheimer’s (cognitive improvement), Parkinson’s (tremor reduction) Inhibits Aβ aggregation, protects neurons Anti-aging/cosmetics Skin whitening (tyrosinase inhibition), anti-wrinkle (collagen preservation) 0.1% concentration inhibits melanin by 71.5% Cardiovascular diseases Improves endothelial function, reduces atherosclerosis risk Lowers oxidative stress markers (e.g., MDA) 4. Synthesis and Production 5. Safety and Precautions 6. Research Advances 7. Market and Policy
2-n-Propyl-4-methyl-6-(1-methylbenzimidazole-2-yl)benzimidazole, （CAS 152628-02-9）
Provides a comprehensive overview of 2-n-Propyl-4-methyl-6-(1-methylbenzimidazole-2-yl)benzimidazole, covering its physicochemical properties, synthesis methods, analytical detection, safety storage, and applications. It highlights the compound’s role as a key impurity in telmisartan production and its potential in organic synthesis.介绍2-n-Propyl-4-methyl-6-(1-methylbenzimidazole-2-yl)benzimidazole的理化性质、合成方法、分析检测、安全储存及应用领域，重点探讨其作为替米沙坦中间体的作用。 1. Physicochemical Properties 2. Synthesis and Applications 3. Analysis and Detection 4. Safety and Storage 5. Research Insights 6. Supply Chain Information
Nefopam Hydrochloride (CAS 23327-57-3)
盐酸奈福泮（CAS 23327-57-3）是一种非阿片类中枢镇痛药，用于术后止痛和癌症疼痛，市场价格约50-150元/克。English: Nefopam Hydrochloride (CAS 23327-57-3) is a non-opioid central analgesic for postoperative and cancer pain, priced at ~¥50–150/g. Nefopam Hydrochloride (CAS 23327-57-3) Information 1. Basic Chemical Properties 2. Applications 3. Safety & Storage 4. Production & Supply Chain 5. Market & Pricing 盐酸奈福泮（Nefopam Hydrochloride）综合信息 1. 基本化学性质 2. 应用领域 3. 安全与储存 4. 生产与供应链 5. 市场与价格
Clorprenaline Hydrochloride（CAS 6933-90-0）
盐酸氯丙那林（CAS 6933-90-0）是β-肾上腺素受体激动剂，用于治疗哮喘，但因瘦肉精替代作用已被中国农业部禁用，市场价格约50-150元/克。 Clorprenaline Hydrochloride (CAS 6933-90-0) is a β-adrenergic agonist used for asthma treatment but banned in agriculture as a clenbuterol alternative in China, priced at ~¥50–150/g. Clorprenaline Hydrochloride (CAS 6933-90-0) Information: 1. Basic Chemical Properties 2. Applications 3. Safety & Storage 4. Production & Supply Chain 5. Market & Pricing 盐酸氯丙那林（Clorprenaline Hydrochloride） 1. 基本化学性质 2. 应用领域 3. 安全与储存 4. 生产与供应链 5. 市场与价格
Scopolamine Butylbromide (CAS 52-68-5)
溴甲基东莨菪碱（CAS 52-68-5）是一种抗胆碱能药物，用于缓解晕动病和恶心呕吐，市场价格约50-150元/克。Scopolamine Butylbromide (CAS 52-68-5) is an anticholinergic drug used to prevent motion sickness and nausea, priced at ~¥50–150/g. Scopolamine Butylbromide (CAS 52-68-5) Comprehensive Information 1. Basic Chemical Properties 2. Applications 3. Safety & Storage 4. Production & Supply Chain 5. Market & Pricing 溴甲基东莨菪碱（Scopolamine Butylbromide） 1. 基本化学性质 2. 应用领域 3. 安全与储存 4. 生产与供应链 5. 市场与价格