β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (CAS 1094-61-7)

β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (CAS 1094-61-7) is a precursor to NAD+, crucial for cellular energy metabolism and anti-aging research.β-烟酰胺单核苷酸（CAS 1094-61-7）是NAD+前体，对细胞能量代谢和抗衰老研究至关重要。

Basic Information

• ​Chemical Name: β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide
• ​CAS Number: 1094-61-7
• ​Molecular Formula: C₁₁H₁₅N₂O₈P
• ​Molecular Weight: 334.22 g/mol
• ​Appearance: White to pale yellow powder or liquid (depending on purity)
• ​Solubility: Soluble in water, methanol, ethanol; slightly soluble in DMSO
• ​化学名称: β-烟酰胺单核苷酸
• ​CAS号: 1094-61-7
• ​分子式: C₁₁H₁₅N₂O₈P
• ​分子量: 334.22 g/mol
• ​外观: 白色至浅黄色粉末或液体（取决于纯度）
• ​溶解性: 易溶于水、甲醇、乙醇；微溶于二甲基亚砜

​Physical and Chemical Properties

• ​Melting Point: 166°C (decomposition)
• ​Density: ~1.32 g/mL (calculated)
• ​Flash Point: Non-flammable
• ​Stability: Hygroscopic; store at 2–8°C
• ​熔点: 166°C（分解）
• ​密度: ~1.32 g/mL（计算值）
• ​闪点: 不可燃
• ​稳定性: 吸湿性强，需储存在2–8°C

​Applications

1. ​Anti-Aging & Metabolic Health:
   • Boosts NAD+ levels to enhance mitochondrial function and energy production.
   • Improves insulin sensitivity and reduces oxidative stress in aging models.
2. ​抗衰老与代谢健康:
   • 提升NAD+水平以增强线粒体功能和能量产生。
   • 改善衰老模型中的胰岛素敏感性并减少氧化应激。
3. ​Neuroprotection:
   • Supports neuronal survival and reduces cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease studies.
4. ​神经保护:
   • 支持神经元存活并减少阿尔茨海默病研究中的认知衰退。
5. ​Cardiovascular Benefits:
   • Enhances heart function and mitigates ischemia-reperfusion injury.
6. ​心血管益处:
   • 增强心脏功能并减轻缺血再灌注损伤。

​Safety & Regulatory Status

• ​GHS Classification: H315 (skin irritation), H319 (eye irritation), H335 (respiratory irritation)
• ​Regulatory Approval:
  • ​China: Approved as a cosmetic ingredient (max 10% concentration).
  • ​USA: GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) for dietary supplements.
  • ​EU: Not yet authorized for food use; requires novel food application.
• ​GHS分类: H315（皮肤刺激）、H319（眼睛刺激）、H335（呼吸道刺激）
• ​监管批准:
  • ​中国: 批准作为化妆品原料（最大浓度10%）。
  • ​美国: 作为膳食补充剂获GRAS认证。
  • ​欧盟: 尚未批准用于食品，需申请新食品原料。

​Production Methods

1. ​Enzymatic Synthesis:
   • Uses nicotinamide riboside kinase (NAMPT) to catalyze ribose-5-phosphate and nicotinamide.
2. ​酶催化合成:
   • 利用烟酰胺核苷激酶（NAMPT）催化核糖-5-磷酸和烟酰胺。
3. ​Chemical Synthesis:
   • Multi-step process involving phosphorylation and nucleophilic substitution.
4. ​化学合成:
   • 多步骤工艺，涉及磷酸化和亲核取代反应。
5. ​Fermentation:
   • Microbial fermentation of nicotinic acid derivatives (low yield, high cost).
6. ​发酵法:
   • 烟酸衍生物的微生物发酵（产率低，成本高）。

​Market Trends

• ​Global Demand: Projected to reach $5 billion by 2030, driven by anti-aging and metabolic health trends.
• ​Challenges:
  • Low bioavailability (oral absorption <5%).
  • Regulatory hurdles in non-approved regions (e.g., EU food applications).
• ​全球需求: 预计到2030年将达到50亿美元，受抗衰老和代谢健康趋势驱动。
• ​挑战:
  • 生物利用度低（口服吸收率<5%）。
  • 非批准地区（如欧盟食品应用）的监管障碍。