Amprolium hydrochloride (cas 137-88-2)
- CAS：137-88-2
- Applicable conditions: Coccidiosis
- Pharmacology: Aminopropoline competitively inhibits the uptake of thiamine by coccidiomycetes. In the cell, thiamine is synthesized into thiamine pyrophosphate, which participates in the oxidative decarboxylation reaction of α-ketoacid during sugar metabolism. It is a coenzyme in the α-ketoacid dehydrogenase system. Due to the lack of hydroxyethyl group of thiamine, aminopropoline cannot be pyrophosphorylated, making many reactions impossible, hindering the sugar metabolism process in insect cells, and inhibiting the development of coccidiomycetes.
Compound Information Table: 1-([4-Amino-2-propyl-5-pyrimidinyl]methyl)-2-methylpyridinium chloride
| Category | Details |
|---|---|
| Name | 1-([4-Amino-2-propyl-5-pyrimidinyl]methyl)-2-methylpyridinium chloride |
| CAS Number | 137-88-2 |
| Synonyms | Ampromium HCl; Thiacoccid; Pyridinium, 1-(4-amino-2-propyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-2-methyl-, chloride |
| Molecular Formula | C₁₄H₂₀Cl₂N₄ |
| Molecular Weight | 315.24 g/mol |
| Chemical Properties | |
| – Appearance | White to Off-white Powder |
| – Melting Point | 239.0–243.0°C |
| – Solubility | Sparingly soluble in methanol and water |
| – Stability | Store in airtight containers under inert atmosphere, protected from moisture and light |
Key Applications:
- Veterinary Anticoccidial Agent
- Mechanism: Acts as a vitamin B₁ analog, competitively inhibiting coccidia’s absorption of thiamine, disrupting energy metabolism.
- Indications:
- Prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in poultry (e.g., Eimeria tenella, Eimeria acervulina).
- Combined with ethopabate or sulfachinoxalin for broader spectrum efficacy.
- Dosage:
- Feed Additive: 62.5–125 g/ton of feed (monotherapy) or mixed with ethopabate (125:8 ratio).
- Water Additive: 1 kg/5000 L water (prevention) or 1 kg/1250–2500 L water (treatment).
- Research Use
- Inhibitor of thiamine transport, studied in cellular metabolism and parasitic biology.
Safety & Handling:
- Hazard Classification:
- Skin/eye irritant (H315, H319), respiratory irritant (H335).
- Precautions:
- Wear gloves, goggles, and dust masks during handling.
- Use in well-ventilated areas; avoid inhalation.
- Storage:
- Keep sealed in a cool, dry place away from oxidizers and strong acids/bases.
Regulatory Compliance:
- HS Code: 2933.39.90 (heterocyclic compounds).
- Withdrawal Period:
- Poultry: 7 days (egg-laying birds prohibited).
- Ruminants: No specific withdrawal period, but comply with local regulations.
Research & Formulation Notes:
- Combination Products:
- Triple Therapy: Combined with ethopabate and sulfachinoxalin for multidrug-resistant coccidia.
- Resistance Management:
- Rotate with ionophores (e.g., monensin) to delay resistance development.
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